최고위과정(ACE)

• 목록
• 답변
• 글쓰기
• 게시판 리스트 옵션
  • 수정
  • 삭제

Criticism of the National Health Service (England) consists of problems such as access, waiting lists, healthcare protection, and various scandals. The National Health Service (NHS) is the publicly financed healthcare system of England, developed under the National Health Service Act 1946 by the post-war Labour federal government of Clement Attlee. It has come under much criticism, particularly during the early 2000s, due to break outs of antibiotic resistant infections such as MRSA and Clostridioides difficile infection, waiting lists, and medical scandals such as the Alder Hey organs scandal. However, the involvement of the NHS in scandals extends back lots of years, including over the provision of mental health care in the 1970s and 1980s (eventually part of the factor for the Mental Health Act 1983), and spends beyond your means on hospital newbuilds, including Guy's Hospital Phase III in London in 1985, the expense of which soared from ₤ 29 million to ₤ 152 million. [1]

Access controls and waiting lists

In making healthcare a largely "invisible expense" to the patient, health care seems to be efficiently free to its consumers - there is no particular NHS tax or levy. To lower expenses and guarantee that everybody is dealt with equitably, there are a range of "gatekeepers." The general specialist (GP) functions as a primary gatekeeper - without a recommendation from a GP, it is typically difficult to get higher courses of treatment, such as an appointment with an expert. These are argued to be necessary - Welshman Bevan noted in a 1948 speech in your house of Commons, "we shall never ever have all we require ... expectations will always go beyond capacity". [2] On the other hand, the national health insurance systems in other nations (e.g. Germany) have actually ignored the need for referral; direct access to a specialist is possible there. [3]

There has actually been issue about opportunistic "health travelers" travelling to Britain (mainly London) and utilizing the NHS while paying nothing. [4] British residents have been known to travel to other European countries to make the most of lower costs, and due to the fact that of a fear of hospital-acquired incredibly bugs and long waiting lists. [5]

NHS access is for that reason managed by medical priority instead of cost mechanism, causing waiting lists for both assessments and surgical treatment, approximately months long, although the Labour federal government of 1997-onwards made it among its essential targets to reduce waiting lists. In 1997, the waiting time for a non-urgent operation might be two years; there were aspirations to lower it to 18 weeks regardless of opposition from physicians. [6] It is objected to that this system is fairer - if a medical problem is acute and life-threatening, a client will reach the front of the line quickly.